PHRUDOCENTRA ALBICEPS vs P. ALBICORONATA
(Viidalepp & Lindt 2012, subgenus Melochlora)

                        albiceps (Warren, 1904)        albicoronata Prout, 1916
                        ---------------------------    ---------------------------
HINDWING UNDERSIDE       Discal spot SMALL, BLACKISH,   (ground colour YELLOWISH;
  discal spot            WITHOUT a surrounding grey     forewing green). Discal
                         cloud.                         spot not clouded as in
                                                        albiceps.

HINDWING UNDERSIDE       (forewing green, hindwing      Ground colour YELLOWISH,
  ground colour          not specially yellowed)        contrasting with the
                                                        green forewing.

FRONS / HEAD             Frons WHITE; vertex white      Fillet WHITE with a GREEN
                         anteriorly and green behind.   spot anteriorly; vertex
                                                        white and green.

AEDEAGUS length          shorter: ~2.0 mm (keys in      LONGER: 2.25 mm or more.
                         the "about 2.0 mm" branch).

DIVERGING CORNUTUS       ~0.37 mm long, straight,       0.5-0.6 mm long, straight,
  (apical stick)         not hooked.                    not hooked.

MALE HIND TIBIA          Thin hair-pencil present;      No distal process; short
                         without or with only a SHORT   hair-pencil present.
                         distal projection.

MALE ANTENNAL            ~0.55 mm.                       0.45-0.55 mm.
  pectinations

FEMALE ANTENNA           (not emphasized)               PECTINATE (like P. opaca,
                                                        ~0.5 mm).

PLATES                   Plate 1 figs 28, 32;           Plate 2 figs 1,2,5,6;
                         Plate 6 fig 1.                 Plate 6 figs 3-4.

TYPE LOCALITY            Peru (SE).                      Venezuela (nominate);
                                                        subsp. sixola Prout 1932,
                                                        Costa Rica.


QUICKEST SEPARATORS (in order of ease)
  1. Hindwing underside: small blackish discal spot with NO grey cloud, on a
     green-ish ground  = albiceps
     vs. discal spot on a distinctly YELLOWISH ground      = albicoronata
  2. Head: frons WHITE (albiceps) vs. fillet white with a GREEN spot,
     vertex white-and-green (albicoronata).
  3. Genitalia (clincher): diverging apical cornutus ~0.37 mm + shorter
     aedeagus ~2.0 mm (albiceps) vs. cornutus 0.5-0.6 mm + aedeagus 2.25 mm+
     (albicoronata). Female antenna pectinate in albicoronata.

Source: Viidalepp, J. & Lindt, A. (2012). A review of continental species of
Phrudocentra Warren, 1895 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae). SHILAP
Revista de Lepidopterologia 40(158): 171-190. Couplets 36 (albiceps) and
37 (albicoronata), p. 176.